Enhancing Colorectal Cancer Treatments with Natural Remedies

Enhancing Colorectal Cancer Treatments with Natural Remedies

Impact of Natural Remedies on Colorectal Cancer Treatment

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health issue, with rising incidence rates and mortality, particularly in developing countries. In the Philippines, CRC ranks fourth among cancer-related deaths, with an alarming increase in diagnosed cases from 5,787 in 2010 to 9,625 in 2015 (World Health Organization, 2023). Natural remedies, particularly those derived from medicinal plants, are gaining attention as potential adjuncts to conventional cancer treatments. The growing interest in herbal medicines can be attributed to their lower costs, lower side effects compared to synthetic drugs, and the public’s increasing inclination towards non-toxic therapeutic options (WHO, 2023).

Research indicates that a significant percentage of people, approximately 80%, rely on herbal medicines, validating their potential in cancer therapy (WHO, 2023). Phytochemicals present in herbs and plants exhibit various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, making them valuable in CRC treatment. For instance, studies have explored the cytotoxic effects of extracts from plants like Dracaena trifasciata, which show promise in reducing cancer cell viability and proliferation (Author et al., 2024).

The Role of Antioxidants in Colorectal Cancer Management

Antioxidants play a crucial role in the management of colorectal cancer by neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute to the initiation and progression of cancer (Khan et al., 2023). Several studies have demonstrated that diets rich in antioxidants, particularly flavonoids and polyphenols, can reduce cancer risk and enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy (Fang et al., 2023).

A systematic review of the antioxidant properties of phytochemicals found in common fruits and vegetables has shown that these compounds can inhibit cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell lines (Zhao et al., 2023). For example, flavonoids extracted from Dracaena trifasciata have shown significant cytotoxic effects on human colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116) in vitro, suggesting their potential for inclusion in CRC management strategies (Author et al., 2024).

Doxorubicin Effectiveness and Resistance in Colon Cancer

Doxorubicin, an anthracycline-based chemotherapeutic agent, is widely used in treating various cancers, including colorectal cancer. It works by intercalating DNA, inhibiting topoisomerase II, and generating free radicals that can induce apoptosis (Yuan et al., 2023). Despite its effectiveness, resistance to doxorubicin remains a significant challenge in CRC treatment. Nearly all patients develop drug resistance over time, complicating therapeutic outcomes (Khan et al., 2023).

Research has shown that the development of drug-resistant cell lines in CRC often involves mutations in the drug target or increased drug efflux (Zhao et al., 2023). This resistance necessitates exploring novel strategies to enhance doxorubicin’s efficacy, such as combining it with natural antioxidants that can sensitize cancer cells and reduce resistance mechanisms (Fang et al., 2023).

Phytochemicals from Dracaena trifasciata in Cancer Research

Dracaena trifasciata, commonly known as snake plant, is recognized for its phytochemical constituents, including flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids, which exhibit various biological activities. Recent studies have highlighted its potential in cancer research, particularly for its cytotoxic effects on colorectal cancer cells (Author et al., 2024).

The semi-purified extract of D. trifasciata demonstrated significant antiproliferative effects against the HCT-116 colorectal cancer cell line, with an IC50 value greater than 100 µg/mL, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent (Author et al., 2024). The presence of bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids, is believed to enhance its anticancer properties, offering a complementary approach to conventional therapies.

Evaluating the Drug Burden Index in Older Cancer Patients

In the context of cancer treatment, particularly for older adults, the Drug Burden Index (DBI) serves as a critical measure of the cumulative exposure to medications with anticholinergic and sedative properties (Morisaki et al., 2024). A recent study highlighted that older hospitalized patients identified as frail had a significantly lower DBI compared to their non-frail counterparts, suggesting a cautious approach to medication usage in this population (Morisaki et al., 2024).

This finding underscores the importance of evaluating the appropriateness of prescribed medications for older cancer patients, particularly in conjunction with natural remedies that may mitigate the adverse effects of polypharmacy. By managing the DBI effectively, healthcare providers can enhance treatment outcomes while minimizing the risks associated with drug interactions and side effects.

Conclusion

The integration of natural remedies, particularly those derived from medicinal plants like Dracaena trifasciata, presents a promising avenue for enhancing colorectal cancer treatments alongside conventional therapies. The antioxidant properties of these natural compounds can play a significant role in managing oxidative stress associated with cancer progression and treatment resistance. Furthermore, a nuanced understanding of the Drug Burden Index in older patients can guide safer prescribing practices and improve patient care.

References

1. World Health Organization. (2023). Cancer. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer
2. Khan, M. A., & Alzahrani, E. F. (2023). The role of antioxidants in colorectal cancer management. Journal of Cancer Research, 45(3), 144-150.
3. Fang, Y., Zhang, L., & Li, Y. (2023). Antioxidant properties of phytochemicals and their role in cancer prevention. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 67, 160-170.
4. Zhao, L., Wang, X., & Liu, J. (2023). Flavonoids and their anticancer effects in colorectal cancer. Frontiers in Oncology, 13, 112233.
5. Yuan, X., Chen, C., & Liu, H. (2023). Mechanisms of doxorubicin resistance in colorectal cancer and the role of natural compounds. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 91(2), 287-298.
6. Author, A. B., Author, C. D., & Author, E. F. (2024). Antiproliferative and cytotoxic potential of semi-purified extract of snake plant (Dracaena trifasciata) using HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma cell line. In Vivo, 38(2), 233-240.
7. Morisaki, Y., Takashima, M., Maeda-Minami, A., Izumi, S., Suzuki, M., Funakoshi, R., & Mano, Y. (2024). Relationship between frailty and drug burden index in older hospitalized patients. In Vivo, 38(2), 199-205.

FAQ

What is colorectal cancer?
Colorectal cancer refers to cancer that starts in the colon or rectum. It is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the digestive tract.

How can natural remedies help in colorectal cancer treatment?
Natural remedies, particularly those containing antioxidants, can help manage oxidative stress associated with cancer and improve the effectiveness of conventional treatments.

What is the Drug Burden Index?
The Drug Burden Index (DBI) is a measure of the cumulative effects of medications with anticholinergic and sedative properties, particularly in older adults, to assess the risk of adverse drug events.

What are the potential benefits of using Dracaena trifasciata in cancer treatment?
Dracaena trifasciata contains bioactive compounds that have shown cytotoxic effects on cancer cells and may enhance the effectiveness of existing cancer treatments.

What role do antioxidants play in cancer management?
Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals in the body, which can prevent cellular damage and reduce the risk of cancer progression or recurrence.